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Louis VI (1 December 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat ((フランス語:le Gros)), was King of the Franks from 1108 until his death (1137). Chronicles called him "roi de Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member of the House of Capet to make a lasting contribution to the centralizing institutions of royal power,〔Norman F. Cantor, ''The Civilization of the Middle Ages'' 1993, p 410.〕 He spent almost all of his twenty-nine-year reign fighting either the "robber barons" who plagued Paris〔"Government, law and society", R. van Caenegem, ''The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought C.350-c.1450'', ed. J. H. Burns, (Cambridge University Press, 1988), 188.〕 or the Norman kings of England for their continental possession of Normandy. Nonetheless, Louis VI managed to reinforce his power considerably and became one of the first strong kings of France since the division of the Carolingian Empire in 843. Louis was a warrior king but by his forties his weight had become so great that it was increasingly difficult for him to lead in the field. A biography - ''The Deeds of Louis the Fat'', prepared by his loyal advisor Abbot Suger of Saint Denis - offers a fully developed portrait of his character, in contrast to what little historians know about most of his predecessors. ==Early life== Louis was born on 1 December 1081 in Paris, the son of Philip I and his first wife, Bertha of Holland.〔"The Kingdom of the Frank to 1108", Constance Brittain Bouchard, ''The New Cambridge Medieval History'', Vol. 4, Part II, ed. David Luscombe, Jonathan Riley-Smith, (Cambridge University Press, 2004), 126.〕 Suger tells us: "In his youth, growing courage matured his spirit with youthful vigour, making him bored with hunting and the boyish games with which others of his age used to enjoy themselves and forget the pursuit of arms." And..."How valiant he was in youth, and with what energy he repelled the king of the English, William Rufus, when he attacked Louis' inherited kingdom."〔Abbot Suger: ''Life of King Louis the Fat'', Chapter 1.〕 Louis married Lucienne de Rochefort, a French crown princess, in 1104, but repudiated her three years later. They had no children. On 3 August 1115 Louis married Adelaide of Maurienne, daughter of Humbert II of Savoy and Gisela of Burgundy, and niece of Pope Callixtus II. They had eight children. Adelaide was one of the most politically active of all France's medieval queens. Her name appears on 45 royal charters from the reign of Louis VI. During her tenure as queen, royal charters were dated with both her regnal year and that of the king. Suger became Louis's adviser before he became king and he succeeded his father at the age of 26 on 29 July 1108. Louis's half-brother prevented him from reaching Rheims, and so Daimbert, Archbishop of Sens, crowned him in the cathedral of Orléans on 3 August.〔"The Historia Iherosolimitana of Robert the Monk and the Coronation of Louis VI", James Naus, ''Writing the Early Crusades: Text, Transmission and Memory'', ed. Marcus Bull, Damien Kempf, (Boydell Press, 2014), 112.〕 Ralph the Green, Archbishop of Rheims, sent envoys to challenge the validity of the coronation and anointing, but to no avail.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louis VI of France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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